Golliver's Technique Store-reload After an operation, store the result to memory. For further computation, load back the number to a FPU register. The store enforces the true double (single) format. 11 exponent bits for double and 8 bits for single. All four rules of arithmetic need this. Using store-reload, the result can be rounded twice at the operation and at the store, and deviate from the true result. Double rounding problem A denormalized number is treated as a normalized number on the x86. When the number is stored to memory, it is converted to the denormalized and rounded once more.